Bioecological Perspective To understand the life course of a child and how that child interacts with her /his environment. In the 1970s, Urie Bronfenbrenner (1917-2005) developed the ecological viewpoint to explain how all aspects of the environment affect the child and in turn how the child affects her/his environment. The word ‘ecology’ describes how living …
Selective Optimization with Compensation Model (SOC) Paul Baltes and his colleagues developed a model named Selective Optimization with CompensationModel (SOC) wherein an interaction between three processes, i.e., selection, compensation and optimization are depicted. Selection processes serve to choose goals, and life tasks, whereas optimization and compensation lead to enhancing chosen goals. For example, older musicians …
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Life-Span Perspective It is not related to a specific area of development (for example, psycho-social) or age period (adolescence) rather, it attempts to understand the development of an individual throughout the life within a changing socio-cultural context. Before entering into the details of life-span perspective, let us reflect on the following questions: How does our …
Characteristics of Life-Span Perspective: Life-span development expert, Paul Bates and his colleagues provide many of the main approaches to human development based on this perspective. They highlighted the following features of life-span perspective as follows: Development is a life-long process. Development is multidimensional. Development is multidirectional. Development is characterized by lifelong plasticity. Development is the …
PERSPECTIVES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND THEIR EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS Different perspectives on development explain behaviour as well as predict behaviour that can be observed. Biological Perspective Let’s begin our discussion of perspectives with the biological perspective. In the development of psychology, physiology plays a major role and hence this perspective is known as biological psychology. Sometimes, …
PERSPECTIVES IN CHILD
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IMPACT OF SCHOOL ON DEVELOPMENT Development has been a critical issue in the education process. School holds a central place in the developmental process set forth for the students. They are the longest, organized and sustained extra-familial context for students. From the timethey first enter the school until they complete their schooling, students spend moretime …
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS IN DIVERSE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL BACKGROUNDS A developmental task is a task which arises at a certain period in the life of the individual. The individual passes through a socially regulated cycle from birth to death and there is socially prescribed schedule for rendering major life events. The norms vary from culture to …
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ISSUES IN DEVELOPMENT Nature vs. Nurture When we talk about nature in child development, we are talking about what comes to children through heredity. When we talk about nurture, we are referring to the influence of the environment. People who are in favour of nature suggest that only nature is responsible for the development. On …
A balanced development occurs because of the combined role of heredity and environment. A child may have good heredity background, but if the environment in which he or she is brought up is not good, he or she may not develop adequately. On the contrary even if the heredity is not good, favourable environmental factors …
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Laws of Heredity Johann Gregor Mendal (1866) contributed significantly in developing the laws of heredity. He propounded two laws of heredity, namely, ‘Law of Segregation and Dominance’ and ‘Law of Independent Assortment.’ Though he conducted all his experiments on plants, his laws are universally accepted. Law of Segregation and Dominance If the traits of one …
